US tariffs in 2026: Section 301, Section 232 and the IEEPA refund process

The tariff actions in force, with their effective dates as published, and how importers claim IEEPA duty refunds.

By Branch² Intelligence Desk · Checked against primary sources 11 October 2026 · Updated 11 October 2026

For a small business that imports, or buys from someone who does, a tariff is a cost that arrives on a date set in a legal notice. The notices below are the primary record: what is covered, at what rate and from when.

Section 301 and Section 232 are separate legal routes. Goods covered by a Section 232 action are exempt from the 2026 Section 301 action, so check which one applies to your product before estimating the cost.

Section 301 action, from July 24, 2026

The Section 301 tariffs apply to products entered on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on July 24, 2026. [1]

In force The Section 301 tariffs apply to products entered on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on July 24, 2026. [1]
What the source says
on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on July 24, 2026
In force The rate is 10 percent on goods of economies including Canada, India, Mexico and the United Kingdom. [1]
What the source says
impose a tariff of 10 percent on goods of Argentina, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Canada, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Malaysia, Mexico, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Trinidad and Tobago, and the United Kingdom, unless otherwise exempted
In force Products of China face a 12.5 percent tariff under the same action. [1]
What the source says
determined to impose 12.5 percent tariffs on products of China
In force Articles subject to Section 232 tariffs are exempt from this action, as are informational materials, donations and accompanied baggage. [1]
What the source says
including informational materials, donations, accompanied baggage, all articles and parts of articles subject to tariffs under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962
In force USTR says the action applies to the top 60 U.S. trade partners, covering 99.4% of U.S. imports. [2]
What the source says
This action applies to the top 60 U.S. trade partners covering 99.4% of U.S. imports.
In force The earlier 10 percent Section 122 import surcharge, from February 24, 2026, ran through 12:01 a.m. on July 24, 2026. [3]
What the source says
a temporary import surcharge of 10 percent ad valorem … on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern standard time on February 24, 2026, and shall continue in effect through 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on July 24, 2026

Section 232 duties

From April 6, 2026, the Section 232 duty on aluminum articles and derivatives is 50 percent, or 25 percent for qualifying United Kingdom products. [4]

In force From April 6, 2026, the Section 232 duty on aluminum articles and derivatives is 50 percent, or 25 percent for qualifying United Kingdom products. [4]
What the source says
on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on April 6, 2026, the additional ad valorem duty imposed pursuant to section 232 on aluminum articles … (a) 50 percent … (b) 25 percent for United Kingdom products
In force Further Section 232 changes to steel, aluminum and copper tariffs took effect on June 8, 2026. [5]
What the source says
on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on June 8, 2026
In force The White House says those changes are temporary, lasting until December 31, 2027. [6]
What the source says
These tariff changes are temporary, lasting until December 31, 2027
In force Section 232 tariffs on medium- and heavy-duty trucks apply from November 1, 2025. [7]
What the source says
on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on November 1, 2025
Announced Two Section 232 duty rates on wood products rise, to 30 percent and to 50 percent, on January 1, 2027. [8]
What the source says
Effective January 1, 2027, the duty rate in clause 2 shall increase to 30 percent and the duty rate in clause 3 shall increase to 50 percent

IEEPA duty refunds (CAPE)

CBP refunds IEEPA duties, with interest, through CAPE. [9]

In force CBP refunds IEEPA duties, with interest, through CAPE. [9]
What the source says
CAPE is designed to consolidate refunds of IEEPA duties including interest
In force Only the importer of record or the licensed customs broker who filed the entries can file a CAPE Declaration. [9]
What the source says
Only the IOR or the licensed customs broker who filed the entries can file a CAPE Declaration.
In force Valid refunds are generally issued within 60 - 90 days of the declaration being accepted, paid electronically by ACH. [9]
What the source says
valid IEEPA refunds are generally issued within 60 - 90 days following acceptance of the CAPE Declaration … All refunds are required to be paid electronically via Automated Clearing House (ACH)

What the engine is tracking now

The engine has no current indexed analysis on these costs. We do not fill the gap with guesses; check back, or run the cost exposure check below.

The costs behind this briefing: Tariffs and import costs: what the engine tracks · Commodity and material costs: what the engine tracks.

Which of your costs are moving? The free cost exposure check shows the pressures the engine is tracking for your country, sector and inputs, with the chain and sources for each.

How this analysis was produced

Data sources: USTR — Notice of Actions in Section 301 Investigations (Federal Register 2026-15181); USTR — Fact sheet on the Section 301 action (July 2026); Proclamation 11012 under section 122 (Federal Register 2026-03824); Proclamation 11021 under section 232 (Federal Register 2026-06960); Proclamation 11032 under section 232 (Federal Register 2026-11314); White House — Fact sheet on steel, aluminum and copper tariffs (June 2026); Proclamation 10984 under section 232 (Federal Register 2025-19639); Proclamation 11000 under section 232 (Federal Register 2026-00327); CBP — International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) Duty Refunds
What the AI did: The explainer and the fact list were drafted with AI assistance. Each figure and date was then checked against the quoted passage of its primary source, shown under it. The list of analyses is produced automatically by the engine.
Checked automatically: every fact carries its source link and the verbatim passage it rests on; only indexed analyses are listed.
What people did: No person reviewed this page before it was published. Errors reported to us are reviewed and corrected on the editorial policy's terms.
Data as of: 11 October 2026

By the Branch² Intelligence Desk. How the analysis is made · Editorial policy and corrections

Sources

Every figure and date above was checked against these primary sources on 11 October 2026.

USTR — Notice of Actions in Section 301 Investigations (Federal Register 2026-15181) — https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/files/Press/Releases/2026/FLIP%20301%20Investigation%20Final%20Action%20FRN%207-23-26%20FINAL.pdf
USTR — Fact sheet on the Section 301 action (July 2026) — https://ustr.gov/about/policy-offices/press-office/fact-sheets/2026/july/fact-sheet-ustr-section-301-action-response-failure-60-economies-ban-imports-produced-forced-labor
Proclamation 11012 under section 122 (Federal Register 2026-03824) — https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2026-02-25/pdf/2026-03824.pdf
Proclamation 11021 under section 232 (Federal Register 2026-06960) — https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2026-04-09/pdf/2026-06960.pdf
Proclamation 11032 under section 232 (Federal Register 2026-11314) — https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2026-06-04/pdf/2026-11314.pdf
White House — Fact sheet on steel, aluminum and copper tariffs (June 2026) — https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2026/06/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-updates-tariffs-on-steel-aluminum-and-copper-imports/
Proclamation 10984 under section 232 (Federal Register 2025-19639) — https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2025-10-22/pdf/2025-19639.pdf
Proclamation 11000 under section 232 (Federal Register 2026-00327) — https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2026-01-09/pdf/2026-00327.pdf
CBP — International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) Duty Refunds — https://www.cbp.gov/trade/programs-administration/trade-remedies/ieepa-duty-refunds

Automated analysis for information only. Not investment advice. Read the full disclaimer. How we work: methodology · editorial policy.